2023 NABTEB GCE Agricultural Science Practical – Nov/Dec

*NABTEB AGRICULTURALLY SCIENCE PRACTICAL -ANSWERS*

(1a)
SPECIMEN A – Axe
SPECIMEN B – Spade
SPECIMEN C – Hedge shear
SPECIMEN D – Hand fork
SPECIMEN E – Pitchfork

(1b)
SPECIMEN A
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Chopping firewood
(ii) Felling trees
(iii) Splitting logs
(iv) Shaping wood
(v) Clearing brush

SPECIMEN B
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Digging holes for planting
(ii) Turning over soil in a garden
(iii) Edging flowerbeds
(iv) Transplanting small plants
(v) Mixing and spreading soil amendments.

SPECIMEN C
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Trimming and shaping hedges
(ii) Pruning shrubs and bushes
(iii) Cutting back overgrown vegetation
(iv) Creating topiaries
(v) Maintaining a neat garden appearance

SPECIMEN D
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Loosening and aerating soil
(ii) Weeding in tight spaces
(iii) Transplanting small plants
(iv) Removing debris from the soil
(v) Mixing soil and compost in small areas.

(1c)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) It consists of a long wooden handle.
(ii) It has multiple curved metal tines.
(iii) They are available in various designs.
(iv) The tines make it easier to pierce and lift materials.
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(2a)
SPECIMEN F – Horn
SPECIMEN G – Skin

(2b)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Pig
(ii) Chicken
(iii) Turkey
(iv) Geese

(2ci)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Cattle
(ii) Sheep
(iii) Goat

(2cii)
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Cattle
(ii) Goat
(iii) Sheep

(2d)
SPECIMEN F
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) They are used to protect against predators or rivals.
(ii) They establish social hierarchy and dominance within a group.
(iii) They can help dissipate excess heat.
(iv) It assists in digging for food resources.

SPECIMEN G
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) It provides a barrier against external threats.
(ii) It helps in regulating body temperature.
(iii) It contains sensory receptors that enable animals to respond to stimuli.
(iv) It facilitates the elimination of waste products.

(2e)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) The horn can be more aggressive, posing a safety risk to both humans and other livestock.
(ii) Horns can lead to injuries within the herd, causing damage or harm.
(iii) Horns make it more challenging to handle and restrain the animals.
(iv) Horned animals may require more space to prevent overcrowding and conflicts.
(v) Horns can damage farm equipment and infrastructure.
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(3a)
I – Crop
II – Proventriculus
III – Gizzard
IV – Duodenum
V – Small intestine
VI – Colon

(3b)
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) Chicken
(ii) Pigeon
(iii) Turkey
(iv) Cow
(v) Pig

(3c)
PART I:
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) The crop acts as a temporary storage reservoir for ingested food before it undergoes further digestion.
(ii) The crop secretes mucus that moistens the food making it more easily digestible.
(iii) The crop helps break down the food into smaller particles softening it for further digestion.
(iv) The crop contains beneficial bacteria that aid in fermentation, breaking down complex carbohydrates.
(v) The crop acts as a filter removing larger indigestible particles from the food.
(vi) The crop regulates the stomach allowing controlled release for further digestion.

PART II:
(PICK THREE ONLY)
(i) The gizzard grinds food mechanically breaking it down into smaller particles.
(ii) The gizzard mixes the partially digested food with digestive enzymes and stomach acids for optimal digestion.
(iii) The gizzard secretes protease enzymes which start the process of protein breakdown.
(v) The gizzard helps filter out any indigestible material from the food.
(vi) The gizzard regulates the movement of food from the stomach into the intestine.
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(4a)
SPECIMEN H – Cross section of a tomato
SPECIMEN I – Longitudinal section of a mango
SPECIMEN J – Spinach
SPECIMEN K – Cross section of an orange

(4b)
SIMILARITIES:
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) They both contain seeds
(ii) Both specimens have a fleshy interior
(iii) They are both edible fruits
(iv) Both specimens have vascular bundles.

DIFFERENCES:
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Specimen H is a cross-section, while Specimen I is a longitudinal section.
(ii) Specimen H is a berry while Specimen I is a drupe.
(iii) Specimen H has many small seeds while Specimen I has a single large seed.
(iv) Specimen H is smaller in size while mangoes are larger.

(4c)
Specimen J belongs to the group of leafy vegetables.

(4d)
SPECIMEN H – Propagated through seeds
SPECIMEN I – Propagated through seeds
SPECIMEN J – Propagated through seeds
SPECIMEN K – Propagated through seeds

(4e)
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Aphids
(ii) Flea beetles
(iii) Leafhoppers
(iv) Spider mites
(v) Whiteflies

(4f)
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Early blight
(ii) Late blight
(iii) Septoria leaf spot
(iv) Fusarium wilt
(v) Verticillium wilt

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*Completed!!! ✅✅*
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