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WAEC GCE VISUAL ART
NUMBER ONE
(1a) Eye level refers to the horizontal line in a composition that represents the height at which the viewer’s eyes are positioned. It serves as a reference point for creating a sense of depth and realism in a two-dimensional artwork.
(1b) Vanishing point, Vanishing point is a point in a composition where all parallel lines appear to converge. It is typically located on the eye level and is used in perspective drawing to create the illusion of depth and distance. The vanishing point is crucial in creating a realistic representation of three-dimensional space in a two-dimensional artwork.
(1c) Background in art refers to the area of a composition that appears farthest from the viewer. It often consists of elements that are less detailed and less prominent compared to the main subjects in the foreground. The background helps create a sense of depth and provides context for the main subjects or objects in the artwork.
(1d) Foreground, on the other hand, refers to the area of a composition that appears closest to the viewer. It usually contains the main subjects or objects in the artwork and is often depicted with more detail and prominence. The foreground helps bring the viewer’s attention to the focal point of the artwork and creates a sense of depth and dimension.
(1e) Perspective in art refers to the technique used to create the illusion of depth and space on a two-dimensional surface. It is achieved by using various methods, such as converging lines, overlapping objects, and the size and placement of objects in relation to the vanishing point. Perspective allows artists to create realistic and spatially convincing representations of three-dimensional objects and environments. It is an essential tool in creating depth and realism in artworks.
NUMBER TWO
(2a)
Visual art refers to any form of art that is primarily visual in nature, meaning it is created to be seen or experienced through sight. It encompasses a wide range of mediums and techniques, including painting, sculpture, photography, drawing,printmaking, and ceramics.
(2b)
(i) fine art
(ii) applied art.
(2c)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) paintings
(ii) fashion design
(iii) drawings
(iv) architecture
(v) graphic design
(vi) sculptures.
(2d)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Self-expression: Art allows individuals to express their thoughts, emotions, and ideas in a visual and creative way.
(ii) Cultural preservation: Art plays a crucial role in preserving and documenting the cultural heritage of a society.
(iii) Education: Art education helps in the development of critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity
(iv) Emotional well-being: Engaging with art has been proven to have a positive impact on mental health
(v) Social cohesion: Art has the power to bring people together and create a sense of community.
(vi) Economic impact: The art industry contributes to the economy by creating job opportunities and driving tourism.
NUMBER THREE
(3a)
Traditional African art refers to various forms of artistic expression that have been created by different indigenous African cultures over centuries. It includes a wide range of mediums such as sculpture, painting, textiles, pottery, masks, and jewelry. Traditional African art is deeply rooted in the cultural and spiritual beliefs of African societies. It often serves as a means of communication, conveying important messages, stories, and traditions.
(3b)
(PICK ANY SIX)
(i) Symbolism: Traditional African art is highly symbolic, using visual elements to represent abstract concepts, spiritual beliefs, and cultural values.
(ii) Abstraction: African art often employs abstract forms, distorting and simplifying naturalistic shapes to emphasize the essence or spiritual qualities of the subject.
(iii) Expressiveness: Traditional African art focuses on capturing the essence of the subject, emphasizing emotion and expression rather than creating realistic representations.
(iv) Purpose: Traditional African art serves specific functions within the community, such as religious rituals, social ceremonies, or storytelling.
(v) Use of materials: African artists utilize a wide range of materials found within their environment, including wood, clay, metal, beads, fabric, and natural pigments.
(vi) Balance and symmetry: Traditional African art often exhibits a sense of balance and symmetry, creating harmonious compositions even in asymmetrical forms.
(vii) Bold colors and patterns: African art is known for its vibrant colors and intricate patterns, which are used to enhance the visual impact and convey symbolic meanings.
(viii) Influence of nature and spirituality: African art reflects a deep connection with the natural world and spirituality, often incorporating motifs and symbols inspired by animals, plants, and ancestral spirits.
(4ai)
Nigeria
(4aii)
Benin ivory mask
(4b)
(i) Benin ivory masks are typically made from elephant ivory, reflecting the availability of this material in the region.
(ii) The masks often depict royal figures, ancestral spirits, or deities, conveying messages about power, lineage, and spirituality
(iii) Many Benin ivory masks depict figures of authority, such as kings, queens, or other royal personages.
(iv) In addition to ivory, Benin masks may incorporate other materials such as bronze, brass, or coral beads.
(v) Benin ivory masks often exhibit a high degree of realism, portraying human faces with recognizable features
(vi) They are long and ovular in shape, and thinly carved, approaching semiopaqueness.
NUMBER FIVE
(a) The Telem figure originates from the Dogon people of Mali, West Africa, and holds cultural and spiritual significance.
(b) Telem figures are carved from wood, often representing ancestral spirits, and may be adorned with various materials such as beads and metal.
(c)
(i) serving as a protective talisman for the household
(ii) symbolizing fertility and promoting agricultural abundance
(iii) connecting with ancestral spirits for guidance
(iv) ensuring the well-being of the community
(v)it acts as a conduit for spiritual communication.
(d)
(i) intricate carving and symbolism
(ii)the use of natural materials reflecting the environment
(iii) a stylized human form with elongated features,
(iv) incorporation of geometric patterns representing cultural motifs.
NUMBER 7
(a)
(i) Myron:
– Area of Specialization: Sculpture, particularly known for his bronze statues.
(ii) Phidias:
– Area of Specialization: Sculpture, especially renowned for his work on the statue of Zeus at Olympia, considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
(iii) Scopas:
– Area of Specialization: Sculpture and architecture
(b)
(i) Myron:
– Contribution to the Development of Art:
Myron is celebrated for his naturalistic representation of the human body in motion, as seen in his iconic work, “Discobolus.”
(ii) Phidias:
– Contribution to the Development of Art:
Phidias played a crucial role in the development of classical Greek sculpture, particularly through his creation of monumental statues like the Statue of Zeus at Olympia.
(iii) Scopas:
– Contribution to the Development of Art:
Scopas contributed to the evolution of Greek sculpture by introducing emotional and dramatic elements into his works.
(c)
(i) Myron:
– Artwork Examples:
(I) “Discobolus” (Discus Thrower), a famous Greek bronze statue depicting an athlete in the act of throwing a discus.
(ii) Phidias:
– Artwork Examples:
(I)The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
(II)a colossal gold and ivory statue housed in the Temple of Zeus
(III) the Athena Parthenos, a massive statue of the goddess Athena in the Parthenon
[Pick one]
(iii) Scopas:
– Artwork Examples: decoration of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus and the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus.
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