2024 WAEC Geography (Practical & Physical) Answers

(PRACTICAL+PHYSICAL-GEOGRAPHY-ANSWERS
(1a)
Coming

(1b)
(i) River Nyamsu flows south-west to north-east.
(ii) The ridge at the south-eastern part of the mapped area is called Nyambene hill
(iii) Jimisokakraba settlement is located at the south-western part of the mapped area.

(1c)
(i) It is a ridge.
(ii) It runs from the south-western to north-eastern part of the mapped area.
(iii) It has a gentle slope on the north-western side and a steep slope on the south-eastern side.

(1d)
(i) The ridge in the south-eastern part of the area makes it difficult to construct roads and railways.
(ii) The gentle slope on the north-western side of the ridge makes it easier to construct roads and railways.
(iii) The Nyamsu river makes it necessary to construct bridges or use ferries to cross it.

SECTION II ANSWER ONLY THREE(3)

(4a)
An igneous rock is a type of rock that is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. It can be either intrusive (formed below the Earth’s surface) or extrusive (formed above the Earth’s surface).

(4b)
(i)They have a crystalline structure
(ii)They are rich in minerals
(iii)They can have a glassy appearance (in the case of extrusive rocks)

(4c)
(i)They are a source of valuable minerals such as copper, gold, and silver
(ii)They are used as building materials (e.g., granite, basalt)
(iii)They are used as a source of energy (e.g., geothermal power)
(iv)They are used in the manufacture of cement and concrete
(v)They are a source of rare earth elements (e.g., neodymium, dysprosium)

(5a)
(i)Soluble rocks (e.g., limestone, dolomite) that can be dissolved by water
(ii)High rainfall and runoff
(iii)Presence of fractures and joints in the rock

(5b)
A sinkhole is a depression in the ground that forms when a layer of rock or soil is dissolved or collapses.
-Characteristics of sinkholes include:
(i)They can be sudden or gradual in formation
(ii)They can be small or large in size
(iii)They often have steep sides and a flat bottom

-Mode of formation:
(i)Dissolution of rock by groundwater
(ii)Collapse of a cave or underground void
(iii)Subsidence due to mining or other human activities

(7a)
(i)Meanders
(ii)Oxbow lakes
(iii)Floodplains

(7b)
A pothole is a circular or oval-shaped hole in the bed of a river, formed by the grinding action of sand and pebbles.
-Characteristics of potholes include:
(i)They can be deep and narrow
(ii)They often have a smooth, polished surface
(iii)They can be found in areas of fast-flowing water

-Mode of formation:
(i)Erosion by sand and pebbles
(ii)Whirlpools and eddies in the water

(8a)
Atmospheric resources refer to the natural resources that are found in the Earth’s atmosphere, including air, water vapour, and gases such as oxygen and nitrogen.

(8b)
(i)They are essential for human and animal life
(ii)They influence the Earth’s climate and weather patterns
(iii)They are used in industrial processes and energy production

(8c)
(i)Burning of fossil fuels, leading to air pollution and climate change
(ii)Deforestation and land use changes, leading to loss of oxygen and increased greenhouse gases
(iii)Industrial processes, leading to release of pollutants and toxic gases.

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(7a)
(PICK ANY THREE)

(i)Meanders (Bends)
(ii)Riffles
(iii)Pools
(iv)Gravel Bars

(7b)
CHARACTERISTICS OF POTHOLE:

(i)Circular or Elliptical Shape: Potholes are typically round or oval depressions found on the riverbed.

(ii)Varied Sizes: They can range in size from a few centimeters to several meters in diameter and depth.

(iii)Smooth Interior: The interior surfaces of potholes are usually smooth due to continuous abrasion by swirling water and sediment.

MODE OF FORMATION OF POTHOLE:

(i)Initial Depression: Potholes start forming in areas where there is an initial depression in the riverbed, often due to irregularities in the rock surface

(ii)Swirling Water: During high flow conditions, water starts to swirl in these depressions, creating a circular current.

(iii)Abrasion: Sediments like sand, gravel, and pebbles carried by the river are caught in the swirling current. These sediments act like a natural drill, grinding against the rock surface.

(iv)Deepening and Widening: Over time, the continuous abrasion deepens and widens the depression, forming a pothole

(v)Maintenance: Potholes are maintained and enlarged by the constant supply of abrasive sediments and the persistent swirling motion of water.

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