NABTEB Agric Science Practical Answers 2024

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NABTEB 2024 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE PRACTICAL ANSWERS

(1a)
Specimen A. Cutlass
Specimen B. Hoe
Specimen C. Sickle
Specimen D. Secateurs
Specimen E. Garden shears

(1b)
A. Cutlass: Cutting thick vegetation or small branches
B. Hoe: Tilling or weeding soil
C. Sickle: Harvesting crops like wheat or barley
D. Secateurs: Pruning plants or cutting small stems
E. Garden shears: Trimming or pruning plants

(1c)
A. Cutlass: Regularly sharpening the blade
B. Hoe: Cleaning and storing in a dry place
E. Garden shears: Lubricating the pivot point and storing in a dry place

(1d)
Diagram
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(2a)
G. Plantain: Planting suckers (cuttings from the mother plant) 2-3 inches deep in well-draining soil, with the leaves above the soil surface.

H. Cassava tuber: Planting stem cuttings (sections of the tuber with at least one eye each) 2-3 inches deep in well-draining soil, with the eyes facing upwards.

(2b)
F. Plantain: Sucker propagation (using cuttings from the mother plant)

G. Tomato fruit: Seed propagation (planting tomato seeds)

H. Cassava tuber: Stem cutting propagation (using sections of the tuber)

I. Maize seed: Seed propagation (planting maize seeds directly in the soil)

(2c)
(i) Fusarium wilt
(ii) Tomato mosaic virus

(2d)
(i) Cassava tubers are processed into various food products like garri, fufu, and tapioca.
(ii) Cassava tuber and its by-products are used as feed for livestock.
(iii) Cassava is processed to produce starch, which is used in industries such as textiles, paper, and adhesives.
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(3a)
Specimen J. Fish scale
Specimen K. Animal skin
Specimen M. Feather

(3b)
(i) Leather
(ii) Shoes
(iii) Belts

(3c)
One disease of specimen L (udder) is mastitis.

(3d)
=Specimen J (Fish scale):
(i) Protection: scales provide a protective barrier against predators
(ii) Streamlining: scales help reduce friction, allowing fish to swim efficiently

=Specimen M(Feather):
(i) Insulation: feathers provide thermal insulation, keeping birds warm
(ii) Flight: feathers are essential for lift and aerodynamics in bird flight.

(3e)
Specimen M (Feather):
(i) Chicken
(ii) Turkey

Specimen N(Hoof):
(i) Cow
(ii) Goat
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(4a)
(i) Fill the water trough (S) with water.
(ii) Cut three equal lengths of capillary tube (R).
(iii) Fill each tube with water, then insert one end of each tube into the water trough.
(iv) Place the other end of each tube into a small sample of specimens O (Loamy soil), P (Sandy soil), and Q (Clayey soil) respectively.
(v) Observe and record the rate of capillary action in each soil sample.

(4b)
=OBSERVATIONS=

-Water will rise to different heights in the capillary tubes depending on the soil type.
-Typically, the capillary rise is highest in the clayey soil (Q), moderate in the loamy soil (O), and lowest in the sandy soil (P).

=RESULT=

-Clayey Soil (Q): Highest capillary action due to smaller particle size and higher surface area, which allows more water to adhere and rise.
-Loamy Soil (O): Moderate capillary action because it has a balanced mixture of particle sizes.
-Sandy Soil (P): Lowest capillary action because of larger particles and less surface area for water to adhere to.

(4c)
It acts as a filter or absorbent material to prevent soil particles from entering the capillary tube and clogging it.

(4d)
(i) Handle the capillary tubes carefully to avoid damage or breakage.
(ii) Ensure the soil samples are dry and free of debris to obtain accurate results.
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