NECO GCE 2024 Geography Essays Answers

NECO GCE HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

*NUMBER ONE*

(1a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Availability of Water: Settlements are commonly established near water sources like rivers, lakes, or streams to meet domestic, agricultural, and industrial needs.
(ii) Fertile Land: Areas with rich and fertile soil attract settlements because they support agriculture and ensure food production.
(iii) Favorable Climate: A moderate climate with adequate rainfall and temperatures suitable for human comfort and farming encourages settlement.
(iv) Security: Settlements are often located in areas that provide natural protection against enemies, wild animals, and natural disasters.
(v) Natural Resources: The presence of resources such as minerals, forests, or fisheries attracts settlers for economic activities and exploitation.
(vi) Accessibility: Proximity to transportation networks, such as roads, railways, or waterways, makes trade and communication easier, encouraging settlement.

(1b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Rural settlements have a smaller population size, while urban settlements have a larger population size.
(ii) The primary occupation in rural settlements is agriculture, fishing, and other primary activities, whereas urban settlements are dominated by industries, trade, and service-related jobs.
(iii) Rural settlements have limited infrastructure, including poor roads, healthcare, and electricity, while urban settlements have well-developed infrastructure and amenities.
(iv) Buildings in rural areas are sparsely located and widely spread, while urban areas have densely packed buildings.
(v) Rural settlements have a simple and traditional lifestyle, whereas urban settlements have a more modern and complex way of life.
(vi) Social services like education, healthcare, and utilities are minimal in rural areas but are abundant and easily accessible in urban areas.

(2a)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Facilitates Trade and Commerce: Transportation systems enable the movement of goods and services within and across borders, promoting domestic and international trade.
(ii) Enhances Agricultural Development: Efficient transportation links farmers to markets, ensuring the distribution of agricultural produce and reducing post-harvest losses.
(iii) Industrial Growth: It supports industries by enabling the movement of raw materials to factories and finished goods to consumers.
(iv) Employment Generation: The transportation sector creates numerous jobs in areas such as logistics, infrastructure development, and vehicle operation.
(v) Promotes Tourism: Transportation connects tourists to destinations, boosting the hospitality and tourism industries.
(vi) Regional Integration: Improved transportation networks link rural and urban areas, promoting regional development and reducing economic disparities.

(2b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Railways are relatively cheaper for transporting large volumes of goods and people over long distances.
(ii) Trains produce less carbon emissions compared to road and air transport, making them eco-friendly.
(iii) Rail systems can carry heavy and bulky goods, such as coal, steel, and agricultural products, efficiently.
(iv) Rail transport is generally safer than road transport due to fewer accidents.
(v) Trains consume less fuel per ton-kilometer than other modes of transport, making them energy-efficient.
(vi) By diverting goods and passengers from roads, rail transport reduces traffic congestion and road wear.

(4a)

(4b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Harsh climate
(ii) Limited economic opportunities
(iii) Lack of fertile land
(iv) Inadequate infrastructure
(v) Remote or inaccessible location

(4c)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Increased labour force: A high population density provides a large and diverse labour force, which can attract investors and support economic growth.

(ii) Expanded market size: A large population provides a significant market for goods and services, which can stimulate economic activity and support the growth of industries.

(iii) Improved economies of scale: High population density can lead to improved economies of scale, as businesses can take advantage of a large and concentrated market to reduce costs and increase efficiency.

(iv) Increased innovation and entrepreneurship: High population density can foster innovation and entrepreneurship, as people are more likely to interact, share ideas, and collaborate on new ventures.

(6a)

(6b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Availability of raw materials
(ii) Lower cost of land
(iii) Abundant supply of labour
(iv) Reduced transportation costs
(v) Government incentives and subsidies
(vi) Reduced environmental pollution
(vii) Reduced labour costs
(viii) Increased rural development and employment opportunities

(6c)
(i) Primary Industry: Primary industry involves the extraction and production of raw materials from natural resources. This type of industry is typically characterized by the direct use of natural resources, such as land, water, and minerals. Primary industries provide the basic materials that are used in other industries.

Example:
(PICK ONLY ONE)
-Agriculture
-Forestry
-Mining

(ii) Secondary Industry: Secondary industry involves the processing and manufacturing of raw materials into finished goods. This type of industry takes the raw materials produced by primary industries and transforms them into prod