WAEC 2023 Health Education Practical Questions And Answers

HEALTH PRACTICAL NO.1-6

(1a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Air pollution
(ii) Water pollution
(iii) Noise pollution

(1b)
(i) The eye
(ii) The nose
(iii) The ear
(iv) The skin

(1c)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Government should implement and enforce stricter regulations
(ii) Government should promote cleaner production technologies
(iii) Government should encourage sustainable practices
(iv) Governemnt should support renewable energy sources
(v) industrial pollution and involving them in decision-making processes can lead to more effective solutions.
(vi) Governments should provide assistance to communities affected by industrial pollution.

(1d)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Water pollution can cause waterborne diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and long-term health issues.
(ii) Prolonged exposure to excessive noise can lead to hearing loss, stress, sleep disturbances, and cardiovascular problems.
(iii) Living in close proximity to industrial sites can cause chronic stress, anxiety, and mental health issues due to the noise pollution.
(iv) Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals and gases can lead to respiratory problems, aggravate existing conditions like asthma, and increase the risk of lung cancer.

==========================

2C)

1. Adequate ventilation
2. Access to natural light
3. Access to safe and clean water supply
4. Soundproofing
5. Appropriate fire safety measures
6. Appropriate insulation
7. Durable and low-maintenance building materials

===========================

2D)

PICK ANY FOUR OF YOUR CHOICE

1. Loss of life and physical injury: Collapsed buildings can cause catastrophic loss of life and physical injury to those living near the building, as well as those inside.

2. Psychological trauma: The sight of a collapsed building can be traumatic for those living in the area, particularly if they or their loved ones were in the building or in close proximity to it when it happened.

3. Property damage: The collapse can cause significant property damage to nearby homes and businesses.

4. Financial hardship: People living in the area may suffer financial hardship due to the costs associated with repairing the damage and any lost business income.

5. Disruption of services: The collapse may disrupt essential services such as power, water and telecommunications.

6. Loss of community: The collapse of a building can also have a profound effect on the sense of community in the area, as people may feel disconnected from their neighbors or their local area.

===========================

2Ei)
PICK ANY TWO OF YOUR CHOICE

1. Air pollution: Dust, smoke, and other particulate matter released into the air from the collapsed building.

2. Water pollution: Chemicals, metals, and other contaminants from the building materials entering the water supply.

3. Soil pollution: Toxic chemicals and other pollutants leaching into the soil from the building materials.

4. Noise pollution: Loud crashing and banging noises caused by the collapse of the building.

===========================

2Eii)

1. Air Pollution: Industrial areas tend to produce a lot of air pollution caused by emissions from vehicles and factories. This pollution can include particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other hazardous compounds.

2. Water Pollution: Industrial areas can also cause water pollution due to the release of potentially harmful chemicals, such as heavy metals, into the environment. These pollutants can end up in rivers, lakes, and other bodies of water, where they can cause serious damage to the surrounding ecosystems.

3. Noise Pollution: Industrial areas often produce a lot of noise due to the machinery used in factories and other buildings. This noise can be extremely disruptive to nearby residents, who may experience sleep disturbances, hearing loss, and other health issues.

4. Light Pollution: Industrial areas also tend to produce a lot of light pollution due to the bright lights used to illuminate the buildings and factories. This light pollution can interfere with the natural night cycle, disrupt wildlife, and create an unpleasant atmosphere.

===========================

3a)
kwashiorkor

3b)
1.change in skin and hair color (to a rust color) and texture
2.failure to grow or gain weight
3. edema (swelling) of the ankles, feet, and belly
4. damaged immune system, which can lead to more frequent and severe infections

3c)
Kwashiorkor can be prevented by making sure you eat enough calories and protein-rich foods

===========================

(4a) The postural defects illustrated in the diagrams are:

A: HUNCH BACK
B: SCLIOSIS
C: KNOCK KNEES
D: BOW LEGS

4b) Three causes of the illustrated postural defects include:

1. Poor posture habits, such as slouching or hunching over for extended periods.
2. Weakness or imbalances in the muscles responsible for maintaining proper posture.
3. Structural abnormalities or injuries to the spine or surrounding muscles.

===========================

*5*

i.) *Lung cancer* – Smokers are at an increased risk of developing lung cancer compared to non-smokers.

ii) *Cardiovascular* disease – Smoking can cause an increased risk of heart disease and stroke due to the chemicals present in cigarette smoke.

iii) *Respiratory diseases* – Smokers are more likely to develop respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and emphysema.

iv) *Oral cancer* – Smoking increases the risk of developing mouth and throat cancer.

5b
*Social pressure* – People may feel pressured to smoke due to their friends or peers smoking.

ii). *Stress relief* – Nicotine in cigarettes can cause a temporary feeling of relaxation and pleasure, making it a coping mechanism for stress.

iii) Addiction – Nicotine is highly addictive, and people may continue smoking to satisfy their cravings.

*5c)*

i) *Second-hand smoke exposure* – Non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke can experience similar health problems as smokers.

ii) *Increased healthcare costs* – Smoking-related health issues can lead to increased healthcare costs for individuals as well as the healthcare system.

iii) *Environmental impact* – Cigarette butts and other smoking-related litter can pollute the environment.

===========================

6a}
Faulty construction.
Extraordinary loads.
Foundation failure.
Unexpected failure mode.
Natural disasters.
Soil liquification.
Demolition through explosives.

*6c.*
i. Satisfaction of physiological needs.

ii. Protection against infection.

iii. Protection against accidents.

iv. Protection against psychological and social stresses.

*6d.*

(Choose any 4)

i. Loss of lives & Injuries.

ii. Disruption of educational activities.

iii. Loss of contributions from the victims towards the socio- economic growth of the nation.

iv. Increase in death rate against the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

v. Leads the victims to permanent disability.

vi. Psychological damage.