NABTEB GCE 2024 Civic Education Answers

NABTEB GCE CIVIC EDUCATION ANSWERS

CIVIC- OBJ

01-10: CBCABCCCBC
11-20: DCDCCBCCCC
21-30: CAABCBABBA
31-40: ADDCBABDAA
41-50: BCCDBCBBBC

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“`ANSWER FOUR(4) QUESTIONS ONLY“`

*PART I*

(1a)
Value refers to the beliefs, principles, or standards of behavior that individuals or groups regard as important or desirable. Values guide actions, decisions, and judgments, influencing what is considered good, right, or worthwhile in a particular society or culture. They can be personal (held by an individual) or collective (shared by a group or society). Examples of values include honesty, integrity, loyalty, respect, and kindness.

(1b)
(i) Guidance for behavior and decision-making: Values provide a framework for individuals to make choices and behave in ways that align with their beliefs. In society, shared values create a sense of consistency and predictability, making it easier for people to interact and cooperate with each other.

(ii) Promotion of social harmony: When people in a society share common values, it helps to reduce conflict and promote cooperation. For instance, values like respect, fairness, and justice can lead to peaceful coexistence, as they encourage individuals to treat each other with dignity and equality.

(iii) Cultural identity and cohesion: Values are an integral part of cultural identity, shaping the traditions, practices, and norms within a society. By upholding these values, individuals maintain the continuity of their culture, fostering a sense of belonging and pride in their heritage.

(iv) Moral development: Values play a key role in shaping the moral compass of individuals and communities. They influence what is perceived as right or wrong, guiding people to act with empathy, responsibility, and integrity. Strong values are crucial for ethical decision-making, ensuring that actions benefit society as a whole
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(2ai)
Bicameral Legislature: A bicameral legislature is a type of legislature that consists of two separate chambers or houses, typically called the upper house and the lower house. This structure allows for a division of powers and responsibilities, often to ensure more thorough deliberation and representation of diverse interests within a country. Examples include the U.S. Congress (Senate and House of Representatives) and the UK Parliament (House of Commons and House of Lords).

(2aii)
Unicameral Legislature:
A unicameral legislature is a system of government where the legislature consists of only one chamber or house. All legislative responsibilities and functions are carried out by this single body. Examples include the Parliament of Finland or the National People’s Congress of China.

(2b)
(i) Lawmaking: The primary function of the legislature is to make, amend, and repeal laws that govern the country or region.

(ii) Oversight: Legislatures monitor and review the actions of the executive branch, ensuring that laws are implemented correctly and holding government officials accountable for their actions.

(iii) Representation: Legislators represent the interests and concerns of the people who elect them, ensuring that the views of their constituents are heard and considered in the decision-making process.

(iv) Appropriation and Budgeting:
The legislature controls government spending by approving the national or state budget and allocating funds for government projects, services, and programs.

(v) Approval of Appointments and Treaties:
Legislatures often have the authority to approve or reject key appointments made by the executive branch (such as judges, ambassadors, or cabinet members) and to ratify international treaties or agreements.
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*PART II*

(3a)
Political apathy refers to a lack of interest, concern, or involvement in political processes or activities by individuals or groups. It is characterized by the indifference or disengagement of citizens from political issues, voting, or other forms of civic participation.

(3b)
(i) Weakening of Democracy: Political apathy can lead to lower voter turnout and less political participation, which diminishes the legitimacy of elected governments and weakens the democratic system.

(ii) Increased Corruption: When citizens are disengaged, there is less accountability for political leaders, making it easier for corrupt practices to take hold.

(iii) Policy Decisions Lack Representation: Without active participation from all sections of society, policies may only reflect the interests of a small, engaged group, leading to inequalities and unfair policies.

(iv) Social Instability: Apathy can lead to frustration and disillusionment within society, increasing the risk of social unrest and undermining the cohesion of communities.

(3c)
(i) Lack of Trust in Political Leaders: When citizens feel that politicians are corrupt or not working in their best interests, they may withdraw from political involvement.

(ii) Perceived Ineffectiveness of Participation: Many individuals feel that their votes or political actions will not have a meaningful impact, leading to a sense of powerlessness.

(iii) Limited Access to Political Information: Inadequate education or awareness about political processes and issues can result in people feeling disconnected from politics and unable to participate.
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(4a)
Responsible parenthood refers to the thoughtful and conscientious approach taken by parents to fulfill their duties and obligations towards their children. It encompasses the ability to provide for the overall needs of children ensuring their proper upbringing and development into responsible adults.

(4b)
(i) Provision of Basic Needs: Responsible parenthood involves meeting children’s essential needs, including food, shelter, clothing, education, and healthcare. Parents must ensure that their children have access to these necessities to promote their well-being and development.

(ii) Emotional Support and Guidance: Parents play a crucial role in providing emotional support by fostering a loving and nurturing environment. This includes being attentive to children’s feelings, encouraging open communication, and teaching them how to manage emotions effectively.

(iii) Instilling Values and Morals: A fundamental aspect of responsible parenthood is the instillation of positive values and morals in children. Parents should teach respect, honesty, empathy, and responsibility, helping children understand their roles in society and the importance of ethical behavior.

(iv) Monitoring and Supervision: Responsible parents actively monitor their children’s activities and social interactions. This includes guiding them in choosing friends, overseeing their academic performance, and being involved in their lives to prevent negative influences and behaviors.
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*PART III*

(5a)
Direct Democracy: Direct democracy is a form of government where citizens directly participate in decision-making processes, rather than electing representatives to make decisions on their behalf. In this system, people vote on laws, policies, and other important issues directly. Ancient Athens is a notable example of direct democracy. It is most commonly practiced in small-scale communities or through referendums and initiatives in larger countries.

(5b)
Representative Democracy: Representative democracy is a system of government where citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf. These elected officials are responsible for creating laws, policies, and overseeing the government. This form of democracy is more practical in larger, complex societies where direct participation of all citizens in every decision would be unfeasible. Countries like the United States, India, and the UK practice representative democracy.

(5c)
(i) Promotes Political Stability: Democracies tend to foster political stability by allowing for peaceful transitions of power through regular elections. This stability encourages investment and economic growth, as citizens and businesses feel secure in their rights and the rule of law.

(ii) Encourages Participation and Accountability: Democratic systems promote citizen engagement in governance, leading to greater accountability among leaders. When citizens actively participate in decision-making processes, they are more likely to hold their representatives accountable, ensuring that government actions align with public interests.

(iii) Fosters Economic Growth: Democracies often create an environment conducive to economic development by protecting individual rights, promoting free markets, and encouraging innovation. The competitive nature of democratic elections incentivizes leaders to implement policies that stimulate economic growth and improve living standards for their citizens.
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(6a)
(i) Supremacy of Law
(ii) Equality Before the Law
(iii) Protection of Fundamental Rights

(6b)
(i) Maintains Order and Stability: The rule of law ensures that society operates in an orderly manner, preventing chaos and anarchy by establishing clear norms and procedures.

(ii) Promotes Justice and Fairness: It ensures that laws are applied consistently and fairly, promoting justice by preventing arbitrary decisions.

(iii) Protects Human Rights: The rule of law safeguards individual freedoms and rights, ensuring that individuals are not unfairly treated or persecuted.

(iv) Encourages Accountability: It holds government officials and individuals accountable for their actions, preventing corruption and abuse of power.

(v) Fosters Economic Growth: By ensuring a predictable and fair legal environment, the rule of law attracts investment, promotes trade, and supports the development of a functioning economy.

(6c)
(i) Corrupt practices among government officials, law enforcement, and judicial systems undermine the rule of law.
(ii) Politicians and political forces may influence judicial decisions, preventing impartial and fair application of the law.
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*COMPLETED*